Introduction to Business

Wednesday November 1 3, 2013 Homework Chapter 1 1 Professor: Mr. B Introduction to Business Rudy V. Garcia Chapter 1 Who will be the various stakeholders of your business? Pedestrians All High School, Middle School and Elementary Schools students around my neighborhood Churches Attendants Charter Schools attendants All local commerce of my area of performance What are some of the things you can do to benefit your community other than providing Jobs and tax revenue? Provide affordable prices Use local providers Do not use products that contain G. M. O (Genetically Modify Organisms) OfferScholarship programs for high scholars with low income How will you establish good relationships with your suppliers? With your employees The best I can offer is a relationship based in honesty and integrity. Also I will take the time to the needs of my employees and work to meet those needs. Do you see any conflict between your desire to be as profitable as possible and your desire to pay employees a living wage? I believe that we reap what we saw. If I am truly involve with the well-being of my employees; they will not only work tor what I pay them tor; they will engage hemselves in the company and be more profitable.Which of the environmental factors outlined in this chapter might have the biggest impact in your business? How? Competing by restructuring and empowerment will be the most difficult area I will have to deal with more than anything. I believe building a team that moves according to the needs of the business is a hard but possible goal; the process to bring together people to work towards one specific task requires time, money and patience. Chapter 2 U. S. Supreme court ruled that cities could have school voucher programs that give oney directly to parents, who could then choose between competing schools, public or private.The idea was to create competition among schools. Like business, schools were expected to improve their services to win students from competitors . The result would be improvement in all schools, private and public, to benefit many students. Do you believe economics principles like competition apply in the both private and public organizations? Be prepared to defend your answer. Yes, I do. Competition opens the door for creativity. I believe that when people immerge themselves into a ompetitive environment they tend to get more creative and also work hard to achieve a goal.Are there other public functions that might benefit from more competition, including competition from private firms? The Law System Transportation Education System Many people say that businesspeople do not do enough for society. Some students choose to go into the public sector instead of business because they want to help others. However, businesspeople say that they do more to help others than nonprofit groups do because they provide Jobs for people rather than giving them charity. Furthermore, they believe businesses create all the wealth that nonprofit groups distribute.How can you find some middle ground in this debate to show that both businesspeople and those who work for nonprofit organizations contribute to society and need to work together more closely to help people? Both are important and complement each other. Business provide the way of creating wealth and nonprofit make society remember to reach out for the less fortunate. Businesses push people to achieve success and thru nonprofit we are reminded that the ultimate level of uccess is achieve by a persona only when this persona gives back to his/her community.How could you use the concepts of Adam Smith to help illustrate your position? Well if we can guide business to be more involve in the community they are surrounded by; business will create more wealth that will impact the lives of the community at the same time. Government will exist only to promote and incentive companies to give back to the community that have make them successful. Chapter 3 About 95% of the wo rld's population lives outside the United States, but many U. S. ompanies, especially small businesses still do not engage in global trade.Why not? Do you think more small businesses will participate in global trade in the tuture. 7 Why or why not? Global trade demands to spend lot money in resource such as advertisement, licenses, taxes, etc. These expenses make the process hard for small businesses to Join global trade. If the governments around the world approve laws that allow small business to enter in the global trade at a low cost I believe there is chance we can see small companies entering in global trade market.Countries like he United States that have a high standard of living are the referred to as industrialized nations. Countries with a lower standard of living and quality of life are called developing countries (or underdeveloped or less developed countries) what factors prevent developing nations from becoming industrialized nations? One of the mayor problems is the lack of resources such as technology, leadership, not production orientated, disadvantage in global trading, they not own bigger enough ways of massive production, corrupted law systems and economical systems.What can businesses do to prevent unexpected problems in dealing with ociocultural, economic and financial, legal and regulatory, and physical and environmental forces in global market? The best way will be to stay in touch with the needs of their client and ayes open to what the market is requiring to exist. Always being open to enter in new fields and achieve a top creativity vision that allows them to transform themselves to the market. How would you Justify the use of revenue or protective tariffs in todays global market? They lack objective and most of them are doing to elite corporations.

Starbucks Assessment

Company name and brief background Starbucks is an American global coffee company which it is the largest coffeehouse company in the world. I think anybody know Starbucks that provide to enjoy the best coffee in the world. Starbuck brief background; the opening of the first Starbucks in 1970s which was small restaurant order to enjoy coffee and it was in the city of Seattle. At the same time many people liked to drink over milk coffee and chocolate coffee, so that was more and more popular.Nowadays, Starbucks is the largest coffeehouse company in the world, with 17000 stores in 60 countries including Canada, Japan, UK, South Korea, India, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Thailand so on. The Starbucks promotion its product or services The beginning Starbucks only sold coffee and espresso drink as well as coffee bean. Nowadays, it sells hot and cold drink, coffee bean, hot and cold sandwiches, sweets, salads, snakes and items such as mugs, glass and tumblers. Also, its products are seasonal. Howev er, it provides various services such as entertainment (music, newspaper, magazine, free internet), and offers good or quick services.How the promotion techniques used help the Starbucks to attempt to increase its sale. Well know, Starbuck is the world brand that itself have a certain visibility, so that it rarely uses advertising on television and magazine because it don’t spend a lot of money on advertising, but it used some advertisements on billboard. We find some billboard at the highway, building or station. In addition, it used short video upload on YouTube, Blog, social network ( e. g Facebook, Twitter),website. Also it is actually in the position of strength region which is the premium brand because it chooses the position in more streams of people.However, it grow into one of the world know brand. How Starbucks maintain customer loyalty Starbucks loves hearing from customer all question, comment that is always welcome while provides the experience of quality coffee and warm service. Also, it uses a various promotion different countries such as in Taiwan uses half price discount for the period. It offers fast-forward services and high quality coffee. In addition, the customer buy a Starbucks tumbler get one free drink. In Hong Kong Starbucks promotion is free internet. For example, f you buy Starbucks drinks that you use internet its shop also it offers free newspaper, magazine and comfortable environment area for the customer. It believes that many people love drinking Starbucks coffee because it twenty types of coffee so that customer can choose different taste coffee. However, more and more people like drinking Starbucks coffee. How the Trade Descriptions Act affects the way that Starbucks promotion its products and services Starbuck need to be aware of laws in every country, so that it has law for employment, health and safety regulation and product restriction.Beside Starbucks takes action to reduce waste for its operation and recycle, als o it considers preserve the earth’s natural resource and enhance the quality of live around the global. In addition to, Starbucks actively seeks opportunities to minimize environment impact and help create a healthy planet, so that it takes steps to be environmental mission statement. Most importantly, it improves coffee quality in order to have commitment to origin TM that helps to improve the lives of coffee farmers and protect the environment where they grow their beans and can keep its highest-quality coffee standard.It is imperative that Starbucks understand commodity–grade coffee to be trade on a highly competitive market. Obviously, for the last several years, a global oversupply of coffee has been getting high price. So that it keeps steady price standard. Specifically, it provides in the fair trade certification system for importer, roaster, and retailers purchases coffee at favorable guaranteed price from farmers who registered with Fairtrade Labelling Organi zation International.Overall, I think it is a role promotion in the business which is important. Many people want to have a success on their own business, but they don't have achievement of promotion, so that they will lose their business. On the other hand, Starbucks has a success promotion of business in the world. It is not only promotion activities, also it has supervise responsibilities, the promotes employee becomes responsible for administrative assistants and other staff.

SOCIOLOGY - Organizations and Social Change Essay

SOCIOLOGY - Organizations and Social Change - Essay Example Indeed this has proved to be the toughest and challenging activity, for most of America’s activists in politics and also the various community builders who are spread across the country. It is this climate that is currently prevailing within the US, with the various community developing organizations present across the country lobbying for getting the funds approved from the government, so that they can go ahead with their community job training initiatives. IAF, COPS and Metro Alliance are the main organizations that have been formed for community developing activities, that has focused its attention and influence in community development activities, in the areas around San Antonio as well as Texas. â€Å"Invest in us! Invest in us! chanted the six-hundred community residents across San Antonio as leaders of the IAF organizations COPS and Metro Alliance lobbied the mayor and city councilors for the funds to support their job training initiative, Project QUEST†. (www.go odreads.com) Indeed this is the situation of the congregation based community organizations, which are spread across the US. These organizations have to lobby for getting the necessary funds approval from the concerned mayors, if they have to go ahead with the job training initiatives for the small and poor communities across America. ... â€Å"The Texas IAF network asked gubernatorial candidate Ann Richards to support Project QUEST which was agreed upon and she won the election with strong support among low-income Mexican American and African Americans.† (www.goodreads.com) Organizations like the IAF and many others have a very high influence on the political leaders and they get the funds for the various community development and job training initiatives undertaken by them through this political clout. As the COPS organization across the US grew, they could easily get credit to the tune of several millions of dollars in public money, for undertaking various developmental activities which were needed for the communities. But all these types of the different developmental activities of the communities improved, but it was seen that the wages of the individuals residing within these communities did not show any increase. In recent years IAF have become a very powerful organization, with a lot of political influe nce that is inherent in them due to the huge influence on the population, which is residing in these communities. Hence such social organizations like the IAF, COPS and Metro Alliance have resulted in bringing about the much needed social changes and also helped in the upliftment of the poor and needy people, which has automatically resulted in the development of such communities that are scattered around America. Since such communities start developing, the whole economy of the US starts to progress and the power and the influence of these communities start to increase simultaneously â€Å"Publicity for Project Quest outreach went out through training opportunities at IAF, COPS and Metro Alliance church networks through church services and

Answer the questions after read articles (Life Science) Article

Answer the questions after read articles (Life Science) - Article Example Based on these the basic organization of life was classified under 5 major divisions namely: Animalia, Plantea, Fungi, Protista and Monera. With the advent of new technologies and fossil records many scientists believe that kingdom Protista and Fungi cannot constitute a separate lineage as higher classes of organisms are believed to have evolved from these unicellular eukaryotes. Additionally the kingdom Monera which includes the prokaryotic life forms cannot be classified along with the others as there is a primary distinction between prokaryotes and the other eukaryotic organisms. The advent of sequencing has made the molecular sequences accessible which has in turn fuelled the need for a more formal taxonomical classification using the available molecular data. Hence these scientific breakthroughs have called for a new hierarchical system of classification. Archeabacteria resemble eubacteria more closely on a molecular level. The evolution of photosynthetic eubacteria along with archea and possibly eukaryotes dates back to 3 to 4 billion years ago. Archeabacteria resemble prokaryotes in their cell cytology but on the molecular level they resemble eubacteria. However, with the exception of some differences the archeabacterial molecules bear a close resemblance to the eukaryotic counterparts. The Bt gene discovered from the organism Bacillus thuringiensis, has the ability to destroy corn borers such as caterpillars by damaging their guts. Hence this gene was isolated from the bacterium and introduced into corn. Other similar genetically modified foods include tomatoes, rice and potatoes. The monarch caterpillar eats leaves of milkweed which is present in roadsides and edges of fields. The present study revealed that these caterpillars died after munching the milkweed leaves which contained Bt corn pollen. However, in California the government has passed laws to protect the habitat of these monarch caterpillars due to the increasing threats

Organizations in Social Responsibilities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Organizations in Social Responsibilities - Essay Example And often the law demonstrates our imperfections and uncertainties. Socially responsible behavior is crucial for companies because they, above all, should embody social principles and ideals that must not be violated easily or at all (Beauchamp & Bowie 2003). Organizations should engage in socially responsible behavior because it is a core of business and fair economic relations. We could not live in a community in which taking what one wants had no consequences. So the socially responsible behavior based on law is both a set of structures for social stability and a set of moral guideposts. Individuals rarely cross the border from legal to illegal behavior. But crime is a fact of our everyday life. Organizations should engage in socially responsible behavior because it drives their actions and strategic directions. "Establishing CSR allows a firm to take corrective action by punishing employees who do not comply with company standards and rewarding those who do. For instance, precepts such as 'do not give wrong information ..., do not look for reciprocity" (Boatright 1997, p. 54). When a man assumes responsibility for managing the marketing behavior of a large corporation, he is dealing with every business law of the land, from antitrust to post office regulations. Socially responsible behavior is a framework of business activities and long-term relations. 2.2. Friedman once said 'The social responsibility of firms is to make a profit' (Friedman 1970). Critically evaluate this view given the challenges faced by organisations today to manage a variety of stakeholders. Friedman's statement is based on the unique nature of business and trade relations. The primary aim of any corporations is to make a profit and increase revenues. A company cannot exist without financial resources and marketing activities (even a non-for-profit organizations need financial donations and giving). For many companies, adoption of social responsibilities is no longer a matter of option for major enterprises if the business is to be relevant to the new social progress concerns and social value changes. The business concept offers a conceptual framework for integrating the firm's relationship to its ultimate environment. The main problem is that organizations cannot use personal gains and profit maximization priorities dealing with diverse stakeholders. Friedman is right that social responsibility of a firm of a profit but any company operates in a complex environment and becomes a part of this environment. Companies are forced to follow ethical and moral values as an exte nsion of traditional management and marketing concepts with redefinitions of mission, service, consumer, product, and profit (Boatright, 1997). Companies are obliged to care for the public welfare, especially the interests of shareholders and other "owners" of corporate property, by telling the truth and by resisting unethical propositions. The principle is veracity (truth telling); the assumption about consequences is that airing a grievance will lead to conflict resolution and that all parties, including society per se, will be better off if legal and moral norms are adhered to. The capacity to reflect seems quite limited in this case. The responsibility of business is to manage variety of stakeholders including employees, customers and community. Even if there is a conflict between professional responsibilities

Word of God Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Word of God - Research Paper Example differences, both Testaments describe Gods relationship with the world and His people, both reflects and serves as a source for  Christian theology.  Theological dogma, adopted by the Christian Church two millennia ago, is that the Sacred Scripture is the Word of God and Jesus Christ is the personalization of the Word. The skeptics, who do not share the Christian point of view, accept the Bible as an ancient, wise, yet a book created by human mind. Nevertheless,  the integrality of the Bible seems surprising enough. The Book was written by over 40 authors who came from just about every walk of life, including fisherman, kings, a butler, priests, and a tax collector. The 66 books of the Bible were written over a 1,500 year span in three languages on three continents within one theme. "If a fragment of stone were found in Italy, another in Asia Minor, another in Greece, another in Egypt, and on and on until sixty-six fragments had been found, and if when put together they fitted perfectly together, making a perfect statue of Venus de Milo, there is not an artist or scientist but would arrive immediately at the conclusion that there was originally a sculptor who conceived and carved the statue. The very lines and perfections would probably determine which of the great ancient artists carved the statue. Not only the unity of the Scriptures, but their lines of perfection, suggest One far above any human as the real author. That could be no one but God."(Shelly, 1990, p. 114) Also, the fact that the Bible accurately and truthfully recorded historically verifiable events is a great indication of its truthfulness. Through both, archaeological evidences and other writings, the historical facts mentioned in the Bible have been proved many times. So, all archaeological and manuscript evidences supporting the Bible make it the best-documented book from the ancient world. Nelson Glueck, a respected Jewish archaeologist claims, "It may be stated categorically that no

WEEK 5 INTL 6000 - RESEARCH PART 5 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

WEEK 5 INTL 6000 - RESEARCH PART 5 - Assignment Example The current conflict, laden with war rhetoric and military maneuvers, was preceded by mutual tolerance and reunification talks. For this reason, the paper will approach the conflict from the themes of rivalry, reconciliation, and reunification. To determine the present state of the conflict and the roles that regional and international countries have played in it, the paper will seek to argue that the latest bout of conflict has to do with hardline stances, suspicion, and rivalry between the two countries. Moreover, it will discuss how different political ideologies, the recent power transfer in the North, and rivalry between sponsors of both countries have elicited the conflict. All of which have stood in the way of reunification. i. Conflict: This can be defined as an organized and prolonged event that occurs between states with possible input from non-state actors and international actors. It is characterized by economic destruction, social disruption, and extreme violence. Conflicts result from a struggle for existence and man’s innate instinct for aggression. For this reason, there are various reasons that lead to conflict. These are individual differences between nation-states, cultural differences, clashes of strategic interests, and social change in the respective nation-states (Armitage 34). ii. Another concept that will be used is reunification, which is referent to the action of two states becoming unified again following a period of prolonged conflict. For reunification to occur, the state formed needs to be independent, neutral, and peaceful with the unity grounded on national independence and patriotism (Olsen 44). Reunification must be achieved through promotion of coexistence, common interest, and co-prosperity. The two nation-states must unite and believe in the other while also valuing democracy and

Limited Brands INC Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10500 words

Limited Brands INC - Essay Example Limited Brands INC The report will commence with a brief preview of the company after which it will commence with the analysis of the company on various angles. First, the company will conduct an internal analysis of the company to establish how internal factors affect or shape up the company. Secondly, the report will focus on the external analysis that was carried out in order to establish how external factors influence the company and how the company has been forced to readjust or realign itself with the external factors. The third analysis of the company will focus on the financial aspect and in this regard, the report will analyze the company’s financial ratios. It is important to note that these analyses were aimed at establishing key problems that the business faces and hinder it from prospering further. Findings from the analyses carried out showed that the company faced four critical problems that include dealing with poor brands that makes the company less competitive in an industry revered for superior brands. The second problem that was established is lack of resources, which hinder it from competing competitively in the market. Third problem was inadequate technology within the company, which means that it is unable to decrease cost and operate more efficiently. The fourth problem that was established was that the company presently suffers from positioning within the market, which reduces its ability to compete competitively.

Palestinian embroidery Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Palestinian embroidery - Research Paper Example Embroidery in Palestine was used to portray the woman’s social class at that time. Currently, there are different styles and designs are applied in the embroidery trade. The different embroidery pattern can be traced back to different cultures. For example, the traditional designs were made by the village and Bedouin women. The designs were drawn from simple geometry and other shapes that governed their daily lives. The designs can be categorized into four main categories, namely ritual, technical, geographical, and structural.The techniques used included appliquà ©, weaving and dyeing. Palestine embroidery was divided into regions and this reflected the different cultures. An example is in the wedding dresses where the motifs of the Bedouin and village dresses differed. The fabrics used in embroidery were specific. Before the Palestine’s began importing materials, they used the locally available fabrics. These include linen, cotton, silk, and linen. These materials at times would be mixed in different percentages to give a new material. For example, the royal wedding dress used in Bethlehem weddings was made up of linen mixed with a high percentage of silk (malak). The most famous fabrics were white linen or cotton. In the villages and Bedouin, un-dyed linen and Indigo blue were the preferred colors for both sexes. For the mens clothes, soft wool and atlas silk was used to make their clothes. Before the production of synthetic dyes, the Palestine women used colors derived from insects and local plants. For example, the color red was derived from the insect cochineal. Indigo was mainly obtained from plants (Indigofera tinctoria) 1.Even with the arrival of synthetic dyes, many women preferred using naturally obtained dyes as they did not fade away even with numerous washing as compared with synthetic dyes which fades off after washing. Motifs were of special importance in Palestine. This is because the way a woman

Networking Topography Essay Example for Free

Networking Topography Essay

Molecular Functions of Secondary Targets

Molecular Functions of Secondary Targets Kasun Ratnayake Identifying the relationship between molecular functions of secondary targets and side effects of drugs Abstract Small molecule drugs can involve in unidentified secondary targets other than its primary target in vivo1. The specific binding interactions should be studied in order to identify the potential effects on certain drugs which are administered1. The identification of secondary targets of a drug could help to solve the possible mechanism of actions which are ambiguous. The characterization and identifying the molecular functions of the off targets can be done using various techniques. Olaparib and veliparib are used as anti-cancer drugs to treat ovarian and breast cancers. Both of these drugs are PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) inhibitors. In the study Veliparib is used as the model drug to investigate its secondary targets. Veliparib is in phase 2 clinical studies and found to have less side effects compared to Olaparib which is also a PARP inhibitor. Veliparib has side effects such as nausea, vomiting, dehydration, fatigue, white blood cell count decreased, hypotension, haemoglobin decreased, pyrexia, neutropenia, pneumonia, anaemia etc. Olaparib has side effects such as somnolence, fatigue, nausea, thrombocytopenia, loss of appetite etc. according to previous clinical studies. The side effects could be related to the number of secondary targets of a certain drug. If number of secondary targets of a drug is less, then it is more efficient than a drug having higher number of secondary targets for the same enzyme to be inhibited. Therefore this study could lead to find out more efficient drugs for the same disease. In the proposal, trans-cyclooctene (TCO) tagging is used with drugs to efficiently pull down the proteins. Tetrazine beads could be used to have bioorthogonal complementary reaction. A drug Veliparib which is an inhibitor of PARP (poly ADP ribose polymerase) is used as a model system to investigate protein targets. Previous studies on drug olaparib could be used to compare with the results of this drug, velaparib and identify the most effective drug to inhibit PARP with minimum number of secondary protein targets. The properties of these protein targets are identified and it is then compared to identify whether there is a relationship between the side effects of drugs and their molecular functions of the proteins. This characterization could lead to understand the mechanism of action of these drugs on different protein targets and can be used to develop more effective drugs. Also the development of new drugs with fewer side effects can improve the quality of the drugs. Specific aim Ovarian and breast cancers are some of widely distributed cancer types among people. These cancers are occurred due to the mutations of BRCA1 and BRCA2 human genes.5 The identification of the off target proteins can be done using two cell lines which has been used in previous studies. Ewing’s sarcoma and A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines are used because of its relation to PARP.1 The long term goal of this study will be the identification of the new potential drugs having fewer side effects for various diseases. The long term goal could be achieved by identifying the molecular functions of the secondary targets and further analysis. The short term goal would be the identification of potential anti-cancer drugs with less number of side effects. The hypothesis for the study would be that comparing the side effects with the molecular functions of the protein targets could lead to understand the mechanism of action of the drug. Further studies could be done to analyze these protein targets for different drugs. Rationale of the study can be concluded such that higher number of possible secondary targets for a certain drug could lead to more side effects. For example, if Olaparib has less number of secondary targets than that of Veliparib, then by characterizing these protein targets according to their molecular functions could tell us that there are fewer side eff ects for Olaparib with compared to Veliparib. Specific aim 1: To determine the number of secondary targets of Veliparib, characterize and compare them with that of Olaparib; interpret and relate the data to identify the side effects. The protein targets of Veliparib and Olaparib are determined using bioorthogonal approach combined with SDS-PAGE and Mass spectrometric analysis. The protein targets are then categorized according to their molecular functions and compared with side effects of the drugs. B. Significance section B1. Cancer Cancer is a disease caused due to the unwanted cell growth6. This abnormal cell multiplication can cause to grow tumors and can be spread throughout the body (figure 1). The tumors can be benign or malignant due to uncontrolled spreading of these masses or lumps. Mechanism of cancers is not yet positively identified. Various drugs have been developed to treat different types of cancers.6 B2. PARP PARP (Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) is an enzyme involves in DNA repair mechanism in living systems.1, 4 There are several mechanisms which are involved when DNA is damaged or mutated. The cell will be survived if the repair mechanism is successful and if it’s not the cell would die. The cancer type cells are formed after the cell death. PARP is playing a major role in the DNA repair mechanism. When a DNA is damaged PARP is activated on the damaged site of the DNA and involves with other proteins to furbish the DNA (figure2). It is important to study the mechanism of PARP because it involves in formation of cancer cells. The inhibition of PARP could lead to alter the DNA repair mechanism and hence it could prevent the formation of cancer cells. B3. Veliparib and Olaparib Veliparib (figure 3) is a small molecule drug which is developed to treat breast and ovarian cancer. It is a PARP inhibitor. Veliparib has successfully undergone phase 1 clinical trials and currently involving in phase 2 clinical trials2. Various number of side effects are reported for Veliparib according to the studies3. Olaparib (figure 4) is a pharmaceutical drug developed to treat ovarian and breast cancer. It is said to be inhibit PARP and involved in slowing down the growth of cancer cells. Olaparib is reported to have started its phase 3 clinical trials. Recent findings show that it has fewer side effects than the other similar drugs which are used as anti-cancer drugs involved as PARP inhibitors. B4. This proposal Previous studies have been done with â€Å"Olaparib†.1,4 The Weissleder group has identified possible secondary protein targets of Olaparib and has characterized them. They have done a DNA relaxation assay to identify the drug binding affinity of drug with TOP2A, an identified secondary target protein which is involved in DNA unwinding activity in transcription. The DNA unwinding activity is not affected by the drug Olaparib. Yet, it is important to do molecular function studies for other identified secondary targets to determine whether there is any correlation with side effect of the drug and molecular functions of the secondary targets. In this proposal Veliparib is used as the model drug and the number of secondary targets of Veliparib could be found according to bioorthogonal approach which is used in previous studies. The potential secondary target proteins then identified using different techniques such as SDS-PAGE, Liquid chromatograpy and Mass spectroscopy. The experiments are done with the characterized protein targets and possible molecular functions are identified which could be related to side effects of the certain drug. Characterization of off target protein would be done for both Velaparib and Olaparib. The molecular functions and its relativeness with side effects of both drugs may be compared. It can be hypothesized that, the drug having less number of secondary targets is more efficient with fewer side effects than a drug having higher number of secondary targets which could lead to have more side effects. C. Innovation The comparison of number of secondary targets of drug can lead to investigate the side effects of that drug. The more efficient drug would be the one with less number of secondary targets. The clinical data bases could be used to get reliable patient records for analyzing the side effects. To achieve the goal prior work should be done to identify off targets of Veliparib and Olaparib using bioorthogonal approach. Further studies could be done in vitro and in vivo to analyzed the effects of these drugs. D. Research Plan D1. Specific aim 1: To determine the number of secondary targets of Veliparib and compare them with that of Olparib; interpret and relate the data to identify the side effects. D1.a. Rationale Olparib has been used in phase 3 clinical studies to treat prostate and breast cancer and more side effects have identified. It has higher number of possible secondary targets according to previous work (table 1)1. Veliparib has also been used in phase 2 clinical trials but lesser number of side effects has been reported. If Veliparib has less number of side effects then it should have less number of secondary targets than Olaparib. Methods 1. Synthesis of drug conjugates and cleavable linker The drug conjugates will be synthesized for both Olaparib and Velaparib. These drugs would contain bioorthogonal functionalities that can be used to effectively pull down the primary and secondary targets of a cell lysate. MHH-ES1 Ewing’s sarcoma and A2780 cell lines will be used here based on the previous studies. The cleavable linker could be synthesized using tetrazine functionality for bioorthogonal pulldown of TCO-drug from cell lysates. 2. Bioorthogonal pulldown of protein targets and characterization Bioorthogonal approach will be done to selectively pulldown the protein targets of TCO-modified Veliparib and Olaparib. Streptavidin magnetic beads decorated with synthesized cleavable linker is used for target pulldown. SDS-PAGE analysis will be done to identify the primary and secondary targets of Veliparib and olaparib. LC-MS/MS analysis is done to characterize the identified protein targets from cell lysates. The expected results are as follows according to previous studies.1 3. Comparison of the side effects of with the molecular functions : Olaparib vs Velaparib For both cell lines (OV and ES: refer table 1), AP2 complex and 60S ribosomal protein (RL4) will be expected to pulled down as secondary targets for both Veliparib and Olaparib. Further studies will be done to identify the effects of drugs on these proteins as a preliminary study. Relaxtion assays, immunoprecipitation assays, etc. can be done for those proteins. Then the relationship between their molecular function and side effects of the drugs could be co-related. Alternative hypothesis The side effects of a certain pharmaceutical drug can be caused due to many factors. It might not mainly due to the secondary protein targets of that drug. It might be due to alteration in physiological conditions of the biological system. The drug binding interaction with certain metal elements could be a possible factor in some diseases. The alterations in RNA and DNA binding interaction could also be lead to side effects of a drug. Therefore, understanding such changes in biological system could lead to new strategies for drug designing processes. Future directions There are various kinds of drugs which used as PARP inhibitors. A complete set of data would be needed to identify and characterize the secondary targets of those drugs. The most effective drug for cancer treatment could be identified based on that data. The methods which have been applied to identify these protein targets could be developed for other pharmaceutical drugs as well. It will define a new approach to compare the side effect of a specific drug with molecular functions of its secondary target proteins. References Yang et al, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2013, 52, 10593-10597 A Phase 1 Study of Chronically-Dosed, Single-Agent ABT-888 in Patients With Either BRCA 1/2 -Mutated Cancer; Platinum-Refractory Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneal Cancer; or Basal-Like Breast Cancer  (http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00892736) http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/search/view?cdrid=579626version=healthprofessional Curr Probl Cancer. , 2011, 35(1): 7–50. Ford, Deborah, et al., The American Journal of Human Genetics, 1998, 62, 676-689. Miller et al, Reporting results of cancer treatment, Cancer, 1981, 47(1), 207-214. http://www.medicalook.com/Cancer/ http://healthinfoispower.wordpress.com/2010/11/17/

Breast Cancer Essay -- essays research papers fc

Breast cancer is a frightening disease. It can be fatal, and while two thirds of the cases occur among mature women, it also strikes younger females and about nine thousand males each year. The fear generated by breast cancer is intensified by the somewhat shocking reality that breast cancer has actually increased over the last fifty years. In 1940, a woman had a one-in-twenty chance of developing the disease, while today one out of every eight women will get breast cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, every three minutes somewhere a woman is diagnosed with it. Yet despite all of the media attention about breast cancer, most people don’t know very much about the illness.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by cells that change and divide abnormally. If rapid cell division occurs when the body doesn’t need new cells, an abundance of tissue is produced. This mass of tissue, known as a tumor, may be either benign or malignant.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Benign tumors are not cancerous and may even be completely harmless. Most of the time these can be surgically removed and do not grow back. The cells of benign tumors don’t spread to other parts of the body and do not threaten your life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Malignant tumors, on the other hand, are cancerous. These tumors can enter and damage surrounding tissues and organs. Cancer cells can also break away from malignant tumors and get in either the blood stre...

Free Oedipal Complex Essays: Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex :: The Tragedy of Hamlet Essays

Hamlet and the Oedipus Complex That Hamlet is suffering from an internal conflict the essential nature of which is inaccessible to his introspection is evidenced by the following considerations. Throughout the play we have the clearest picture of a man who sees his duty plain before him, but who shirks it at every opportunity and suffers in consequence the most intense remorse. To paraphrase Sir James Paget's description of hysterical paralysis: Hamlet's advocates say he cannot do his duty, his detractors say he will not, whereas the truth is that he cannot will. Further than this, the deficient willpower is localized to the question of killing his uncle; it is what may be termed a specific abulia. Now instances of such specific abulias in real life invariably prove, when analyzed, to be due to an unconscious repulsion against the act that cannot be performed (or else against something closely associated with the act, so that the idea of the act becomes also involved in the repulsion). In other words, whenever a p erson cannot bring himself to do something that every conscious consideration tells him he should do-and which he may have the strongest conscious desire to do-it is always because there is some hidden reason why a part of him doesn't want to do it; this reason he will not own to himself and is only dimly if at all aware of. That is exactly the case with Hamlet. It only remains to add the obvious corollary that, as the herd unquestionably selects from the "natural" instincts the sexual one on which to lay its heaviest ban, so it is the various psychosexual trends that are most often "repressed" by the individual. We have here the explanation of the clinical experience that the more intense and the more obscure is a given case of deep mental conflict the more certainly will it be found on adequate analysis to center about a sexual problem. On the surface, of course, this does not appear so, for, by means of various psychological defensive mechanisms, the depression, doubt, despair, and other manifestations of the conflict are transferred on to more tolerable and permissible topics, such as anxiety about worldly success or failure, about immortality and the salvation of the soul, philosophical considerations about the value of life, the future of the world, and so on. Now comes the father's death and the mother's second marriage.

Orlick as the Dark Side of Pip in Dickens Great Expectations Essay

Orlick as the Dark Side of Pip in Dickens' Great Expectations Charles Dickens’ aptly titled novel Great Expectations focuses on the journey of the stories chief protagonist, Pip, to fulfill the expectations of his life that have been set for him by external forces. The fusing of the seemingly unattainable aspects of high society and upper class, coupled with Pip’s insatiable desire to reach such status, drives him to realize these expectations that have been prescribed for him. The encompassing desire that he feels stems from his experiences with Mrs. Havisham and the unbridled passion that he feels for Estella. Pip realizes that due to the society-imposed caste system that he is trapped in, he will never be able to acquire Estella’s love working as a lowly blacksmith at the forge. The gloomy realizations that Pip is undergoing cause him to categorically despise everything about himself, feeling ashamed for the life he is living when illuminated by the throngs of the upper class. These feelings are summed up in Pip’s utter disgust and hatred for the character of Orlick. To Pip, Orlick represents everything that he abhors about himself. When Pip sees Orlick he envisions what awaits him in the future; being ensnared in a life that he couldn’t bear. Orlick, in actualization, is Pip without his high expectations. But there is a much deeper and ominous aspect of the relationship between Pip and Orlick. Dickens uses the character of Orlick to symbolize the darkside of Pip. Pip’s innermost primal feelings and desires are represented through Orlick’s actions, which Pip is ultimately responsible for. These actions ultimately lead to the downfall of both men. In the first scene where we see Pip and Orlick together, there is ... ...eration. It’s ironic that if only Pip had followed through with the original expectations that he had set for himself instead of the supposed greater expectations that he hoped for, he would have been better off. Works Cited and Consulted Bell, Vereen. "Understanding the Characters of Great Expectations." Victorian Newsletter 27 (1965): 21-24. Dickens, Charles. Great Expectations. Ed. Janice Carlisle. Boston: Bedford, St. Martin's, 1996. Rawlins, Jack P. "Great Expectations: Dickens and the Betrayal." Studies in English Literature, 1500-1900. 23 (1983): 667-683. Millhauser, Milton. "Great Expectations: The Downfall." Dickens Studies Annual 2 (1972): 267-276. Rosenberg, Edgar. "Last Words on Great Expectations." Dickens Studies Annual 9 (1981): 87- 107. Sucksmith, Harvey Peter. The Narrative Art of Charles Dickens. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1970.

Memory Management Comparison Essay

When discussing the differences in memory management practices between Windows and Linux environments, an understanding of what they do is necessary. Memory management systems are core aspects of operating systems. Managing a memory hierarchy of random access memory (RAM) and available hard disks is only its basic function. They perform other critical tasks such as the allocation and de-allocation of memory for processes that take care of logistics and implementing virtual memory via the hard disk to perform as additional RAM. Maximum optimization of the memory system is crucial as it greatly affects the overall speed and performance of the system. An important concept in memory management is virtual memory. The basic idea behind this is providing an application the illusion of the presence of large amounts of memory available for use. This is made possible as the kernel makes use of secondary storage (hard disk) to fulfill extra memory requirements. Virtual memory requires mapping functions to do address translation – converting physical addresses to virtual addresses. The virtual being the location the application refers to, and the physical being the actual memory location; this is generally a paging or segmentation function, but can be both, depending on the kernel, processor architecture and its state. To begin a comprehensive comparison of memory management systems of Windows and Linux, let us first analyze the data structures used to keep track of and maintain virtual memory. Windows uses a tree form system where each node of the tree is called Virtual Address Descriptors (VAD). VADs denote a range of address that has the same commit state information and protection parameters. This tree is a balanced to keep the depth of the tree at a minimum. This allows the search time when finding a node containing a location to be kept relatively low. Nodes can be marked one of three ways, committed, free, or reserved. Committed nodes represent ones that have had code or data mapped to it. Free nodes are not yet used; reserved nodes are used in special cases. In Linux systems, virtual memory is kept in a linked list structure. This list is a structure that represents continuous areas of memory having the identical protection parameters. The structure records the address range it is mapped onto, whether it is pinned in memory, the direction it will grow in, and the protection mode. Whether the area the public or private is also recorded. This linked list also converts into a tree list if the number of entries exceeds a particular number. This method uses the best structure in the best situations. These two systems while originating in different backgrounds (Windows –commercial setting, Linux – hacker setting), have modern and theoretically sound concepts which are suitable for production environments. Both systems have many things in common with few technical differences. Windows has gone through more thought and effort during its design/development with decisions at various levels being made to better performance. While in the case of Linux, these decisions were often favoring simplicity instead of performance. This caused Windows to be developed into complex and sophisticated code whereas Linux is elegant and simple while still being modern.

Forecasting at Hard Rock Cafe

For the following case: †¢View the Video Case for Chapter 3 for OMMyLab †¢Bulletize the following (so that the case can be understood fully from your bullets and not have to read the case) †¢Clearly articulate the question(s) you are answering before providing you answer †¢Quantitative Issue The manager is trying to evaluate how a new advertising campaign affects guest counts. Using data for the past 10 months (see the table) develop a least squares regression relationship and then forecast the expected guest count when advertising is $65,000. Provide the answer to your boss and then provide the model as backup) †¢Qualitative Issues 1. Describe three different forecasting applications at Hard Rock. Name three other areas in which you think Hard Rock could use forecasting models. (Justify your choices) 2. What is the role of the POS system in forecasting at Hard Rock? 3. Justify the use of the weighting system used for evaluating man ¬agers for annual bonuse s. 4. Name several variables besides those mentioned in the case that could be used as good predictors of daily sales in each cafe.Provide backup using appropriate technology (Provide the spreadsheets as spreadsheets). Forecasting at Hard Rock Cafe With the growth of Hard Rock Cafe—from one pub in London in 1971 to more than 129 restaurants in more than 40 countries today—came a corporate wide demand for better forecasting. Hard Rock uses long-range forecasting in setting a capacity plan and intermediate-term forecasting for locking in contracts for leather goods (used in jackets) and for such food items as beef, chicken, and pork.Its short-term sales forecasts are conducted each month, by cafe, and then aggregated for a headquarters view. The heart of the sales forecasting system is the point-of-sale sys ¬tem (FOS), which, in effect, captures transaction data on nearly every person who walks through a cafe's door. The sale of each entree repre ¬sents one customer; the entree sales data are transmitted daily to the Orlando corporate headquarters' database. There, the financial team, headed by Todd Lindsey, begins the forecast process.Lindsey fore ¬casts monthly guest counts, retail sales, banquet sales, and concert sales (if applicable) at each cafe. The general managers of individual cafes tap into the same database to prepare a daily forecast for their sites. A cafe manager pulls up prior years' sales for that day, adding information from the local Chamber of Commerce or Tourist Board on upcoming events such as a major convention, sporting event, or con ¬cert in the city where the cafe is located. The daily forecast is further broken into hourly sales, which drives employee scheduling.An hourly forecast of $5,500 in sales translates into 19 workstations, which are further broken down into a specific number of wait staff, hosts, bartenders, and kitchen staff. Computerized scheduling software plugs in people based on their availability. V ariances between forecast and actual sales are then examined to see why errors occurred. Hard Rock doesn't limit its use of forecasting tools to sales. To evaluate managers and set bonuses, a 3-year weighted moving average is applied to cafe sales. If cafe general managers exceed their targets, a bonus is computed.Todd Lindsey, at corporate headquarters, applies weights of 40% to the most recent year's sales, 40% to the year before, and 20% to sales 2 years ago in reaching his moving average. An even more sophisticated application of statistics is found in Hard Rock's menu planning. Using multiple regression, managers can compute the impact on demand of other menu items if the price of one item is changed. For example, if the price of a cheeseburger increases from $7. 99 to $8. 99, Hard Rock can predict the effect this will have on sales of chicken sandwiches, pork sandwiches, and salads.Managers do the same analysis on menu placement, with the center section driving higher sales vo lumes. When an item such as a hamburger is moved off the center to one of the side flaps, the corresponding effect on related items, say french fries, is determined. Hard Rock’s Moscow Cafe Data Month 12345678910 Guest count 21 24 27 32 29 37 43 43 54 66 (in thousands) Advertising 14 17 25 25 35 35 45 50 60 60 (in $ thousand)

Electronic Commerce in Private Purchasing Essay

I guess you can say that ecommerce started back in the 70’s with EFT (Electronic Funds Transfer), in the 80’s with EDI (Electronic Data Interchange). The 90’s around 1995 is when the internet move from the federal sector to commercial sector when NSF (National Science Foundation) decommissioned NSFNET and move assets to vBNS (Very-High-Speed Backbone Network Services) which serves as a testing ground for the next generation of internet technologies, which allow ISP (Internet Service Providers) to develop. After the internet was develop we had an explosive growth mostly in â€Å"Dot Coms† ventures many professional left the major firm and job security to join start ups for the promise of millions of dollar. In the mid 2000 when the NASDAQ collapsed in March hundreds of thousands of people lost their jobs, stock values plummeted and thousand of company filed bankruptcy, downsized or were taken over by competitors. The subsequent stock market crash caused the loss of $5 trillion in the market value of companies from March 2000 to October 2002. By the early 2003 companies that were well-conceived internet based companies were proving their values, consumers became confidence in buying over the internet and business began to realize the internet can create true operation efficiencies and increase profit. The explosion in the use of the Internet has paved the way for several path-breaking innovations. One of the most interesting and exciting aspects of this evolution is the emergence of electronic business (e-business) as a mainstream and viable alternative to more traditional methods of businesses being conducted today. E-business is defined as the process of using electronic technology to do business. It is the day and age of electronic business. Also the structure of the Web is rapidly evolving from a loose collection of Web sites into organized market places. The phenomena of aggregation, portals, large enterprise sites, and business-to-business applications are resulting in centralized, virtual places, through which millions of visitors pass daily. Ecommerce redefines the very foundations of competitiveness in terms of information content and information delivery mechanisms. Flows of information over international networks have created an electronic market-space of firms that are learning to exploit business opportunities. E-business has become standard operating procedure for the vast majority of companies. Ecommerce is the subset of e-business that focuses specifically on commerce. Commerce is the exchange of goods and services for other goods and services or for cash payment. There are several different types of ecommerce Business-to-Business (B2B), Business-to-Consumer (B2C), Business-to-Government (B2G), Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) and Mobile commerce (m-commerce). A B2B system exchanges server programs and encoded files while communicating with other businesses. There are two types of B2B websites: vertical and horizontal. A vertical B2B ecommerce website is designed to meet the needs of a specific industry, and helps build connections between business communities in order to generate new business. A horizontal ecommerce website can be used by any company that is involved in buying and selling products or services. B2B ecommerce strategy can reduce operational costs, increase sales, and strengthen relationships between trading partners. These websites can help expand your presence in the marketplace and lower your procurement costs while handling an unlimited number of products. While B2B ecommerce reduces human intervention, overhead expenses, and errors, it also increases efficiency and advertising exposure and company’s sales team and account managers can concentrate on generating new business. Business to Consumer (B2C) Business to consumer is the second largest and the earliest form of e-commerce. The more common B2C business models are the online retailing companies such as Amazon. com, Barnes and Noble and ToysRus. Other B2C examples involving information goods are E-Trade and Travelocity. The more common applications of this type of e-commerce are in the areas of purchasing products and information, and personal finance management. The market researchers from eMarketers estimate the number of online buyers to be around 900 million worldwide. This brought in the online traders worldwide a turnover of over one billion US$ for the first time. EMarketers estimate the British to be the biggest spenders per head where on average every online buyer spent 3,885 US$ in 2012. US ecommerce and Online Retail sales projected to reach $226 billion, an increase of 12 percent over 2011. 2012: US ecommerce and Online Retail holiday sales reach $33. 8 billion, up 13 percent over 2011. B2C e-commerce reduces transactions costs (particularly search costs) by increasing consumer access to information and allowing consumers to find the most competitive price for a product or service, it also reduces market entry barriers since the cost of putting up and maintaining a Web site is much cheaper than building a structure for a firm. And with information goods, B2C e-commerce is even more attractive because it saves firms from factoring in the additional cost of a physical distribution network and for countries with a growing and robust Internet population, delivering information goods becomes increasingly feasible. Electronic commerce and the Internet are redefining how consumers learn, select, purchase, and use products and services. Hence, B2C or Business-to-consumer retail holds significant business opportunities. A manufacturer with a dedicated ecommerce website can use it to increase margins, monetize existing brand loyalty and leverage competitive advantage. At the same time, he can increase awareness for the brand, provide important product information to customers, and gather valuable customer data to improve business prospects. There are a number of benefits which make owning a B2C ecommerce website inevitable for manufacturers. The ecommerce brings the shopping experience to the consumer’s home. By launching a B2C ecommerce website, the manufacturers’ bring the convenience and comfort of shopping to the consumers thereby increasing their prospective customers. When the manufacturer owns the retailing operations also, it can create brand awareness more prominently. By reaching out to new markets the manufacturers can increase their business’s brand name and about their product line. The e-shopping is accessible from anywhere anytime, thus it proves to be a quick and easy mode of providing information. Manufacturers can provide extensive updated information of their product range through their customized ecommerce website design. Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) is the business of conducting goods and services over the Internet to consumers from consumers. Another way to describe C2C is that it conducts e-commerce with consumers and themselves or to a third-party. Before any consumer-to-consumer business can be formed over the Internet, there needs to established of a space where individuals can come together. These â€Å"gathering spaces† are called online or virtual community in which a collection of people come to one site to communicate, connect, and get to know one another. From there, people can establish a multitude of community themes to bring similar minded people. Some examples of communities: * Communities of interest – people who come together over the Internet to share a common interest like professions, sports, hobbies, philosophy, trading, and others. Communities of relations – people who come together over the Internet to share stories of relations such as friends, families, and/or relationships. Some examples of these communities would be like Myspace or Facebook. * Communities of fantasy – people who come together over the Internet to share fantasies over the internet like fantasy football or baseb all. Another example would be a site that allows people to write their own stories of fiction. Another type of online community that establishes a consumer-to-consumer electronic commerce is called an online or electronic auction site. An e-auction is like a regular auction; however,  the  sales of bidding are done online. It is a place where sellers and buyers bid for items listed on the auction sites such as Ebay or Amazon. Two types of auctions that can occur:   * Forward Auction – an auction that sellers use to have buyers bid on their merchandise till the highest bidder wins. * Reverse Auction – like the forward auction, this auction is used by consumers that want to buy goods or services. However, the buyer selects the seller that has the lowest bid. An example of this would be seen in Amazon. com where instead of purchasing a product from them, a person can buy from other sellers. When going into the listing of other vendors, the website usually posts the lowest asking price first. Then, the next lowest price is listed all the way up to the last seller that has the highest price of all the listings. There are many benefits that a consumer-to-consumer e-commerce has. One of the main factors is a reduction in costs. Sellers can post their goods over the internet cheaply compared to the high rent space in a store. The lower expenses lead to smaller, yet profitable customer base. Being in a community of similar interest where buyers and sellers come together leading to more chances of goods and services being sold. Another benefit is that many small businesses can obtain a higher profitability over a C2C compared to a physical store because of the reduction of overhead costs when conducting an e-business. Probably the most positive benefit of the consumer-to-consumer sites is the effectiveness in selling personal items. There are also disadvantages that a C2C e-commerce has. One of the main factors is it is not always the safest and most reliable place to conduct business. Sometimes buyers and sellers are not accommodating to each other when transactional information is needed. In these cases, a proof of purchase can solve liability issues and prevent costly lawsuits for a consumer and small businesses. Another disadvantage is that these types of sites are known for scams, swindles, and people with ill-business intentions. When things go wrong on C2C e-commerce communities, people can easily spread their stories across the internet which effectively is Word-of-Mouth advertising. Consumer-to-consumer marketing is on the rise, and 2013 will be the year when it explodes into the mainstream, becoming a must-have retail marketing tactic rather than just the mark of the out-there-brand-innovator. Communication is no longer about just businesses talking to anyone; it’s about people talking to people. Forget who’s on the end of the conversation. This is about where it all starts. The future of communications is C2C, or consumer2consumer or people2people. Individuals, whether buying for business or for themselves, are talking to and listening to other consumers. They are setting the agenda, leading the conversation, sharing their views, recommending the best products and deciding whether brands are successful or not. No longer are consumers just taking in information corporations and brands are spewing at them. Now they question and make brands earn their loyalty. Because of social media platforms, like Facebook and Twitter, consumers are now quick to ask brands: What can you do for me? So, today challenge is getting people talking about brands in a positive way, not getting brands to talk to people. With so many touch points, brands must move away from the traditional 1960s formula of one-sided information and start having conversations with consumers. Consumers want brands to be authentic and have a real human voice they can speak with when something goes wrong or right. Business-to-Government (B2G) Business-to-government (B2G) is a variation of the term business-to-business the concept that businesses and government agencies can use central Web sites to exchange information and do business with each other more efficiently than they usually can off the Web. A Web site offering B2G services could provide businesses with a single place to locate applications and tax forms for one or more levels of government (city, state or province, country, and so forth); provide the ability to send in filled-out forms and payments; update corporate information; request answers to specific questions. B2G may also include e-procurement services, in which businesses learn about the purchasing needs of agencies and agencies request proposal responses. B2G may also support the idea of a virtual workplace in which a business and an agency could coordinate the work on a contracted project by sharing a common site to coordinate online meetings, review plans, and manage progress. B2G may also include the rental of online applications and databases designed especially for use by government agencies. This kind of e-commerce has two features: first, the public sector assumes a pilot/leading role in establishing e-commerce; and second, it is assumed that the public sector has the greatest need for making its procurement system more effective. Web-based purchasing policies increase the transparency of the procurement process and reduce the risk of irregularities. To date, however, the size of the B2G e-commerce market as a component of total e-commerce is insignificant, as government e-procurement systems remain undeveloped. Mobile commerce (m-commerce) More and more users are buying tablets and using them for e-commerce due to the convenience it provides. The latest report from eMarketer predicts a surge in tablet commerce, turning the m-commerce into a $50 billion industry next year. The overall mobile commerce spending, including both tablets and Smartphone’s, in 2012 was $24. 66 billion, and this figure represented an 81% increase from the 2011 figures. EMarketer also report predicts total ecommerce spending from tablet devices alone to touch $24 billion by the end of 2013 and then almost double itself in a year to reach $50 billion by the end of 2014. The total mobile m-commerce sales would stand at about $39 billion in 2013. In 2013, 15% of all sales is expected to come from mobile devices, with tablets alone accounting for a dominant 9%. By 2016, tablets alone will account for a significant 17% of all sales. A big reason for the surge is the increasing rate of tablet adoption, as more and more people buy this new device. Traditionally, the ratio of new devices has been four Smartphone’s for every tablet. But Christmas Day 2012 sprang another surprise, when 49% of the 17. 4 million new devices activated were actually tablets. As content delivery over wireless devices becomes faster, more secure, and scalable, some believe that m-commerce will surpass wire line e-commerce as the method of choice for digital commerce transactions. This may well be true for the Asia-Pacific where there are more mobile phone users than there are Internet users. Industries affected by m-commerce include: Financial services, including mobile banking, as well as brokerage services; Telecommunications, in which service changes, bill payment and account reviews can all be conducted from the same handheld device; Service/retail, as consumers are given the ability to place and pay for orders on-the-fly; Information services, which include the delivery of entertainment, financial news, sports figures and traffic updates to a single mobile device.

Creative writing in non-fiction Essay

Creative nonfiction (also known as literary or narrative nonfiction) is that branch of writing which employs literary Styles, techniques and artistic vision usually associated with fiction or poetry to create factually accurate narratives on actual persons and events. Creative nonfiction contrasts with other nonfiction, such as technical writing or journalism, which is also rooted in accurate fact, but is not primarily written in service to its craft. It is a hybrid of literature and non-fiction because it comprises of Non-fiction elements and Literary elements which are essay form, story/narration, explanation/exposition, place/scene/setting, standard rhetorical patterns, characterization, focuses on ideas, facts (not only language),author personally engaged, researched facts, literary voice/feel, artistic, instinctual, polished language. The primary goal of the creative nonfiction writer is to communicate information, just like a reporter, but to shape it in a way that reads like fiction. As a genre, creative nonfiction is still relatively young, and is only beginning to be scrutinized with the same critical analysis given to fiction and poetry. Though only recently identified and taught as a distinct and separate literary genre, the roots of creative nonfiction run deeply into literary tradition and history though has been in use as earlier as 1970s but was originally made official in the year 1983 in the United States of America at a meeting convened by the National Endowment for the Arts to deal with the question of what, exactly, to call the genre as a category for the NEA’s creative writing fellowships. The NEA long recognized the art of nonfiction but has been trying to find a way to describe the category so writers would understand what kind of work to submit for consideration. â€Å"Essay† is the term used to describe this â€Å"artful† nonfiction, but it didn’t really capture the essence of the genre for the NEA or lots of other folks experimenting in the field. Technically, scholars, critics, and academics of all sorts, as well as newspaper op-ed reporters, were writing â€Å"essays,† although that was not the kind of work the It had in mind. â€Å"Journalism† didn’t fit the category, either, although the anchoring element of the best creative nonfiction requires an aspect of reportage. For a while the It experimented with â€Å"belles-lettres,† a misunderstood term that favors style over substance and did not capture the personal essence and foundation of the literature they were seeking. Eventually one of the NEA members in the meeting that day pointed out that a rebel in his English department was campaigning for the term â€Å"creative nonfiction. † That rebel was Professor Lee Gutkind. Forms within this genre are personal essays, memoir, travel writing, food writing, biography, literary journalism, and other hybridized essays. Personal essay is often a free-wheeling device of self-expression. If you ever want to experiment with prose and with loosened structure, this is where you can do it. A memoir is a piece of autobiographical writing, usually shorter in nature than a comprehensive autobiography. The memoir, especially as it is being used in publishing today, often tries to capture certain highlights or meaningful moments in one’s past, often including a contemplation of the meaning of that event at the time of the writing of the memoir. The memoir may be more emotional and concerned with capturing particular scenes, or a series of events, rather than documenting every fact of a person’s life (Zuwiyya, N. 2000). Literary journalism refers to the use of fictional techniques in writing a work of nonfiction. In other words, it’s a true, well-researched, journalistically-sound story that might normally be written in a dry newspaper manner that has been instead written with style, vivid description, and narrative flow that immerses the reader in the story. The quality of the writing used to tell the story is just as important as telling the truth of the story. Narrative history is the practice of writing history in a story-based form. It can be divided into two subgenres: the traditional narrative and the modern narrative. Traditional narrative focuses on the chronological order of history; it is event driven and tends to center upon individuals, action, and intention. Modern narrative typically focuses on structures and general trends. A modern narrative would break from rigid chronology if the historian felt it explained the concept better. Docufiction (often understood as docudrama) is a neologism which refers to a cinematographic work in a genre mixing fiction and documentary. Docudrama is wrongly used as a synonym of docufiction, confusing drama with fiction. The use of docufiction is common in television, consisting in illustrating facts or events with actors. The term docudrama is apter in this sense. The term docufiction is sometimes used to refer to literary journalism (creative nonfiction). Controversies over the legitimacy of creative nonfiction, both as a term and as a genre; flares up regularly, perhaps even annually. In recent years, several well-publicized incidents within the United States have called into question the truthfulness and factual standards of creative nonfiction. Given its different styles and characteristics, it is not held to the same journalistic ethics and standards as direct reporting or news publications. Its allowances of artistic license to authors are not standardized, and some have accused writers of glorification of interpretation, and even of fabrication. A recent example of these incidents is the James Frey controversy in regards to his memoir A Million Little Pieces, published in 2003. In his memoir, Frey claimed to certain experiences (claim to have helped a high school friend sneak out with her boyfriend on the night she died in a car wreck. But, according to thesmokinggun. com, police reports and the girl’s family indicate Frey had nothing to do with the tragedy. ), which purported to be a memoir but contained fictionalized events, is unmasked in 2006. Such scandals seem to inspire frenzies among literary and cultural critics, an excuse for predictable (but nevertheless often satisfying) expressions of Schadenfreude and sanctimonious pronouncements about Truth in Art. Writers are warned to not be too cre ¬ative with weaving their stories, however. If you add characters, dialogue, invent scenes and alter facts, you moved to the realm of historical fic ¬tion, a noble genre but still, fiction. Lee Gutkind, an English professor at the University of Pittsburgh, credited as the founder of the creative non-fiction movement. â€Å"There’s this research aspect of creative non-fiction (Ethics of Literary Non-fiction) that you can’t get away from — that a lot of writers try to skip over or do without. † Authors seem to be getting the emotional aspects of a nonfiction topic across successfully. Many authors try to carry the emotion with anthropomor ¬phism or an abundance of exclamation points, rather than building the story in such a way that the natural drama of it comes through. Sometimes, the descriptive language is not as strong as it could be. Nonfiction authors are more likely to use a simple, somewhat familiar description rather than searching for a more evocative, unique way of saying the same thing. Works Cited Gutkind, Lee (2007). The Best Creative Nonfiction, Vol. 1. New York: W. W. Norton, xi. ISBN 0393330036. Johnson, E. L. ; Wolfe, Tom (1975). The New Journalism. London: Pan Books. ISBN 0330243152 Wyatt, Edward. â€Å"Best-Selling Memoir Draws Scrutiny†, The New York Times, 2006-01-10. Anderson, Chris (1989). Literary nonfiction: theory, criticism, pedagogy. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, xix-x. ISBN 0809314053. Nancy E. Zuwiyya, School Library Journal, Fox’s work, Colombia, Heinemann Library (Chicago, IL), 2000

Maritime Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Maritime Policy - Essay Example According to the International Transport Workers Federation (ITF), flags of convenience can be defined as: ‘where beneficial ownership and control of a vessel is found to lay elsewhere than in the country of the flag the vessel is flying’ (ITF, 2007, Pg.1). There are two main modes of registering shipping vessels: closed and open registers. Closed registers are the conventional form whereby the ship owners and the majority of crew emanate from the registering country. Open registers or ‘flags of convenience’ are however those registrations, which are open to any nationality subject to the registering country’s regulations that are often very relaxed to attract as many ship-owners as possible. Open registers are further subdivided into two more categories: Open National Registers and Open International Registers. Under Open National Registers, the ships are obliged to follow the trading regulations of the flag-state encompassing employment and tax guidelines. In Open International Registers, the ships are less stringently regulated enjoying tax exemptions on their profits, easy employment terms for their international crews, lax company regulations and relaxed safety standard enforcement (O’Keefe, 2002, p. 4). Although flag states are required to ensure that ships registered in their domain follow the requisite international laws in addition to administrative control, technical and social issues, however most of those licensing the flag of convenience (FOC) rarely bother to monitor the operations of the vessels. The United Nations has blamed these states for exacerbating marine accidents and compromising maritime security and safety (Gianni, 2008). According to the United Nations Open-ended Informal Consultative Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea (UNICPOLOS) in Gianni (2008), ‘many shipping accidents and resulting loss of life and marine pollution are not the result of

Therapeutic Hypothermia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Therapeutic Hypothermia - Essay Example This is so because paramedics who usually have to treat such patients initially do not have sufficient therapeutic means to stymie this neurologic damage process during ischemic conditions. Mild hypothermia () have been induced in patients with cardiac arrest as a therapeutic means for protecting the brain against the global ischemia that usually accompanies open-heart surgery (Nolan et al, 2003). This therapeutic means was available since the late 1950s after which it was discontinued for some time because there was indefinite indication of benefits to patients (Nolan et al, 2003). Much later, this means has again been reintroduced in the context of cardiac arrest for a select group of patients and there are positive indications that when this therapeutic means is used after return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest there is improved functionality and preemption from histological defects to the brain. This is true of a number of animal models, including the human one (Nolan et al, 2003). ... gh stringent and complex inclusion criteria in Europe and Australia has established that neurological outcomes (ability to live independently and work at least part-time, etc.) are selectively available for groups of patients free from certain pathological complications (Nolan et al, 2003). Nevertheless, there are significant adverse effects that entail more research on the treatment option (Nolan et al, 2003). Mechanisms of action of induced moderate/mild hypothermia primarily include reduction of cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen @ 6% for every degree (Celsius) fall in temperature >. This reduces chances of mitochondrial damages and apoptosis from decreased production of free radicals, excitatory amino acids and calcium shifts (Nolan et al, 2003). External cooling techniques to induce mild to moderate hypothermia include use of cooling blankets, application of ice packs to groin, axillae and neck, use of wet towels and fanning and use of cooling helmets (Nolan et al, 2003). Recent internal techniques such as intravenous infusion of crystalloids and intravascular heat exchange devices are beginning to become available (Nolan et al, 2003). Since it is found that though extracorporeal techniques are efficient they are too invasive for use in prehospital treatments and most emergency departments this paper shall now discuss research on introducing a hypothermia therapeutic technique that is internal, safe, easily administrable out-of-hospital and cheap and includes infusion with selective crystalloids like common salt. This following section shall be deemed as the problem statement of the paper. Problem Statement: As has already been mentioned, the need for an internal technique that is not invasive and that can be performed safely and cheaply out of hospital and

Case for Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case for Human Resource Management - Essay Example ion line itself represented threats to their physiological needs, such as demanding quality improvements and changes to how the work was conducted to meet new standards. In addition, their basic needs for security and belonging were being threatened by different cost-cutting efforts that could have, at the perceptual level, put them out of a job. These needs strongly influence whether they find value or self-confidence in their job roles, therefore issues of motivation needed to be addressed at the human resources level. People and their motivations are strongly connected to whether any structural or process changes meet with improved productivity, therefore they could not simply be dismissed. Employee needs will impact their dedication levels to meeting organizational goals or even, possibly, make them look for different work at another organization which could put high costs on the recruitment and retention budgets. At one company I worked for, there was a major project to improve the business resource planning software package so that inventory, purchasing, invoicing, and raw materials monitoring could be improved by a large margin. Technology in this case promised to eliminate all manual checks for inventory and also promised to reduce the amount of labor needed in the purchasing division. Throughout the entire project, which lasted about 18 months, workers were simply reminded that they needed to find other employment after the project was launched or try to find an opening in a different division through a bidding process. Instead of providing counseling services or trying to motivate employees to assist in the project development, the human resources angle was missing and workers kept trying to sabotage the new project to make sure it did not launch successfully. If the company had realized motivational needs in these soon-to-be-displaced employees, I believe the project would have been re ady for launch much faster than the 18 months it took to

Individual observation program Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Individual observation program - Essay Example My main aim was to stimulate his interest, his ability to experience the world around him, and to motivate him to initiate movements outside his comfort zone. Through the assignment, I developed my knowledge and understanding on the movement displayed by the pupil in relation to his sensory impairments. I also gained a greater insight into the relationship between his physical experience and his cognitive abilities. In the course of my study and observations, I was able to uncover the reason why the pupil lacked the motivation to learn. All in all, I feel I am more able to incorporate the immediate environment as well as the activities which can overcome difficulties for pupils in accessing stimuli more effectively. Pupil Z individual observation programme – week 1 I completed a one-week individual observation programme on Pupil Z. In this programme, I decided to take a close look at Pupil Z’s movements. I wanted to find out about his natural movements and the ways in w hich any intentional actions were made. I wanted to gather information on the range of proper actions which can be made in order to ensure that I was making informed judgments about what I was seeing. I also wanted to use such informed judgments before I could develop a plan and implement a more meaningful movement experience for him. I decided I should use my observations and the standardised assessment format. This led me to explore a range of texts relating to the cognitive versus physical development of children, including studies on how pupils with multiple disabilities often suffer developmental delays. This led me to the use of Lillie Neilsen’s â€Å"Function Skills Assessment,† which is a formalised assessment tool highlighting significant milestones in the physical development of young children (Neilsen, 2000). I initially made some observations of Pupil Z while there were no stimuli or objects around him, first, while he was in a supported sitting position, a nd second, while he was on a supine position on the floor. Then I observed him when he explored different objects around him in these positions. I felt that this experience would enable me to compare his natural movements to his other movements when presented with objects and when given support by an adult. I was unable to observe his movement behaviours in the prone position as he did not tolerate being in this position too long and he communicated his discomfort by becoming increasingly distressed and by crying. Observation of Pupil Z’s movements without stimuli Due to his dystonic athetoid cerebral palsy, Pupil Z displayed abnormal involuntary movements that varied in intensity from mild to severe, and which often placed him in abnormal positions. For instance, his fists would often abruptly clench, his arms / hands would twist, and then his legs would stiffen and straighten. In his chair, his feet would straighten and extend for a few seconds and then relax, causing him t o fall back onto his chair. His facial expressions were often quite tense. These events usually appeared in cycles of action and rest, action and rest. These overactive muscle responses often have a negative impact on his energy level, causing exhaustion and decreased energy soon after. Oftentimes, he would sleep after said incidents. When in a supine position (lying on his back), and on the floor where his limbs are free, he also displayed lots of leg movements (e.g. kicking) with his arms straightening out to his sides or moving about from

Food Chain Diagram Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Food Chain Diagram - Coursework Example This feature enhances photosynthesis. The panther on the other hand has tough claws and jaws, which enhances their hunting skills. In an event, there occurs water pollution in a form of oil spill, the producers, which is the lily, will be affected directly since oil will reduce the lily leaves exposure to light and hence reduced rate of photosynthesis. A reduced rate of photosynthesis will reduce the population of the lily in the waters (Simon et al, 2013). The deer will experience a food shortage and hence reduced population in the ecosystem due to migration and death for those who fail to adapt. The panthers and the opossum will also reduce in number. This leads to the distraction of the organism natural habitat. The consumers may move due to the fear of human activities as results the number of producers overcrowding, thus showing short-term effect. As they, increase the competition for nutrients available resulting to the death of the weak species hence creating imbalance in the ecosystem. The energy pyramid indicates decreasing levels of energy up the hierarchy. The producers indicate a higher level of energy as compared tertiary consumers. Energy transfer from producers to consumers takes place interdependently (Simon et al, 2013). The producers sources its energy form the sun and transfers to consumers (Ecosystem Assessment Project, 2000). Primary consumers are herbivorous and the secondary and tertiary producers being

The Color Purple Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Color Purple - Annotated Bibliography Example The paper has been useful in understanding theological aspects of life and how people are confused between being loyal to God and taking actions to free themselves from the bondage. The information there in was very reliable and followed practical problems that bedevil many women. The presentation in the book is in particular important in my quest to understand the theology and how people may misunderstand praising God. The book has been very resourceful in the research about theology of believing and acting toward our own wellness. The novel has been helpful in new understanding of God This book is very explorative in world of theology and based on the female gender. It tries to explain how women are very religious especially when it comes to problems in their matrimonial homes. It compares women in two receiving ends of life: those who were happy in life and those in troubles. The two groups were then critically analyzed in the way they believe in God. In the assessment and evaluation of the book, it proved to be very resourceful to those with interest in theological aspects. Comparing with other sources in my research the book had an edge over the other because it made a comparative and with clear understanding. The information was very reliable and explorative with no biased in the group that were discussed. The goal of this book was to show that mostly people are drawn closer to God because of problem. The book was relevant in reserch work that involves theology of trusting in God. It fit perfectly well in those with interest in understanding way the poor and those who are in troubles end up being over religious This book explains sources of religious inspiration most of people. It explain why some people embrace nature and believe it to have powers to solves there problems while others believe in God in the heaven. In book, the two groups are depicted as having satisfaction in what

The Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 Essay

The Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 - Essay Example Care must however be taken by policemen in the exercise of the powers assigned to them in the Act. This is because non-conformity with the specific terms of the act may bring about a criminal liability and on the other hand searching, arresting, detaining and interviewing suspects outside the provisions of the act may render the evidences produced inadmissible in court. Perpetrators of serious crimes like murder, treason and the like were being arrested without warrant following an act of parliament in 1967.Further update of the police powers relating to the common law ,particularly as contained in the act of 1967,were carried out by a Royal Commission headed by Sir Cyril Phillips. Following an upsurge in crime particularly of burglary and robbery in 1981 in the Brixton area, a London-wide campaign was initiated code-named "Operation Swamp 81" picking its name from remarks made in 1978 by the Prime Minister Margareth Thatcher. Consequent on the Act of 1967, 943 were stopped and 118 of them were eventually arrested, the bulk of these people stopped and arrested were blacks .This brought about an increase in the complaints about harassment and racism. Relations between the black community and the police suffered a setback. Stop and search powers given to the police in the Act of 1984 had a wide coverage .under this section of the act a constable is given the right to stop and search persons vehicle e.t.c at any place and time but however does not include dwelling. These powers can however not be exercised except on the grounds pf suspicion that he might find something stolen or prohibited in the course. The person may be detained for this same while this is being carried out. Riots in British towns and cities did not in 1981.Further skirmishes occurred in 1985 in which P.C Keith Blakelock was killed was killed. The location of the far-right British national Party in the southeast London in 1993 resulted in a massive demonstration that left Stephen Lawrence a black teenager dead. The Police and Criminal evidence Act has since undergone certain degrees of review .one of such reviews was the police Police Reform Act 2002 some of whose main provisions take care of annual policing plans practice removal of the bars on the employment of non-British nationals into the force A longer title for the police reform act 2002 goes thus "An act to make new provision about the supervision, administration, functions and conduct of police forces ,police forces and other persons serving with, or carrying out functions in relation to, the police; to amend police powers and to provide for the exercise of police powers by persons who are not police officers :to amend the law relating to anti-social behaviour order; to amend the law relating to sex offender orders; and for corrected purposes. e.t.c. In 2005 a further modification of PACE was made in the form of Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 replacing nearly all pre-existing powers of arrest; of significance in this A ct is the new general power of arrest for all offences. Discrimination, unemployment and poverty were fingered by the Scarman enquiry as the major culprits of the Brixton riots. While dismissing allegations

Dead Poets Society Essay Example for Free

Dead Poets Society Essay Dead Poets Society made a huge impact on how I see things now. I secretly branded Mr. Keating, as the Epitome of teaching, every students dream is to find a teacher like Mr. Keating. Eventhough his teaching style is unconventional, you would really learn something. Hes not like your typical teacher who teaches by the book, because for me, Mr. Keating IS the book. All his lectures are inspirational, he teaches things that would not just help you academically, but also emotionally. He reminds me so much about my Highschool history teacher, a very father-like person, very comical, easy to hang with and lastly he encourages us to pursue our dreams, even though our dreams are impossible. Mr. Keating and my highschool teacher made me realize that there are no limits when we talk about achieving what we want and reaching for our goals, the only hindrance would be ourselves, the fear of not succeeding. So that in the end, we would have little regrets or non at all. I think that its one of the many factors that led me to put Dead Poets Society as one of the must-watch movie list for me. At first thinking outside the box was such a cliche for me, but after watching it, I try to apply that idea to everything I do. This story is very suitable for us, teenagers. Who are currently in that state where we are still confused of what we really want for our future. Add up the nerve wrecking peer pressure, love, parents, homeworks, proffessors, organizations and the like, which contributes to our decisions.

Mother and Twin Brothers Eli Essay Example for Free

Mother and Twin Brothers Eli Essay In The Droughtlanders, by Carrie Mac, Twin brothers Eli and Seth, both Keylanders, live inside a privileged and protected city surrounded by huge walls to protect them from the filthy, sick Droughlanders. Eli’s mother teaches him to view Droughtlanders sympathetically and Eli changes his opinion about them. As a result Eli joins a rebellion group against the Keylands. Initially Seth is furious about Eli’s decision and attempts to hunt Eli and kill him but ultimately realizes the truth and joins his brother. At the beginning Eli and Seth have a bitter hate for each other which intensifies due to their different view points regarding the Droughtlanders. In the end, they make up and the hate they had between them fades away. Right from the start Eli and Seth do not get along, this relationship soon turns into hate and distrust between them. Near the end Seth also changes his mind about Droughtlanders and they get along. From the beginning Eli and Seth dislike each other because of Seth’s constant harassment. Seth is constantly making harsh jokes about Eli’s bladder problem, â€Å"do you have to sit down like a girl?† (36). This quote shows how Seth bullies Eli. Seth and Eli get in a lot of fights and Seth says mean thinks like â€Å"If father wasn’t in the room I’d kick your face in† (44). Seth bullies Eli because he thinks that he is weak and pathetic. After getting in yet another fight Seth says to Eli â€Å"You really are a baby. Get a diaper, Eliza† (55). Eli hates Seth’s bullying and they never get along. They have always had a poor relationship, but it becomes worse once Eli sympathizes with the Droughtlanders. Seth and Eli’s relationship and distrust gets even worse. When the explosion goes off where their mother is, Eli cries â€Å"Maman. She was in there, Seth† (45). Eli had a very strong connection with his mom, but Seth not so much. Eli tells Seth how their father killed their mother and Seth whispers into his ear â€Å"Say that one more time, or to anyone else, ever, and I will kill you† (54). This quote demonstrates how seriously angry they are with each other. Eli tries to tell Seth that their mother was a rebel but Seth responds â€Å"That is the stupidest thing I have ever heard you say† (56). This quote illustrates how much distrust they have between them. When Eli secretly leaves to look for the Droughtlander rebels, Seth views him as a traitor and this betrayal leads to Seth hunting Eli. When Seth finally catches up with Eli, he tells Seth the truth about their mother’s death and how their father was responsible. Seth also comes to accept the Droughtlanders for the decent and ill-treated people they are. Eli and Seth find each other in a forest. â€Å"When Eli heard the name he’s not been called in so long, he felt some thing snap with a sharp, invigorating pain. Keenly aware of his intentions, he brought out his own knife and in one fluid motion flicked the wider blade open, turned and plunged the knife through Seth’s pants and as deep as it would go† (300). It is this moment that Seth gains respect for Eli and starts to question his own beliefs. After Seth is captured he does his sin inventory and comes to realize how horrible of a person he was. Although Eli is still very angry with Seth, Seth says, â€Å"I’m sorry, Eli, for being such a terrible brother† (317). This is the start to their relationship reuniting. They discuss and finally agree about the tragic events that lead to their mother’s death. Sabine, their triplet sister, is also there and for the first time they all connect peacefully. During the circus they all collapse and are sent to the infirmary. â€Å"They speculated on why only now they felt a connection† (323). They figured it was because this was the first time they were all happy together. In the end, Seth and Eli are no longer enemies and can be happy. The relationship between Seth and Eli started with mutual hostility and ended in admiration. It is a unique relationship between Seth and Eli in search of the truth. Eli pursues the truth of his mothers legacy as Seth searches for the truth about Eli’s defection.